Migraine : Cause and Symptoms

Overview

Migraines manifest as intense throbbing or pulsating headaches, typically affecting one side of the head and often accompanied by symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light and sound.

These debilitating attacks, lasting hours to days, can significantly disrupt daily activities. Some individuals experience a precursor called an aura, marked by visual disruptions like light flashes or blind spots, as well as sensory disturbances such as tingling in the face or limbs and speech difficulties. Medication can prevent migraines and can be less painful but the right way to do this is by changing your lifestyle and having a proper diet and exercise, living a healthy lifestyle.

Causes

While the exact causes of migraines remain incompletely understood, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to contribute to their development. Alterations in the brainstem and its interactions with the trigeminal nerve, a significant pain pathway, are thought to be involved. Additionally, imbalances in brain chemicals, particularly serotonin, which regulates pain in the nervous system, are under investigation by researchers.

Various triggers can precipitate migraines, including hormonal changes in women, with fluctuations in estrogen during menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and menopause commonly triggering headaches. Certain drinks, notably alcohol, and caffeine in excess, as well as stress at work or home, can act as triggers. Sensory stimuli like bright lights, loud sounds, and strong smells are known to induce migraines in susceptible individuals. Sleep disturbances, either insufficient or excessive, physical strain, and weather changes.

What are the symptoms of migraines?

The main symptom of a migraine is a headache, often described as pounding or throbbing. It typically starts as a dull ache and may progress to pulsing pain of varying intensity, ranging from mild to severe. If not treated, the headache can become moderate to severe and may shift from one side of the head to the other. Pain can also be experienced in the front or back of the head, around the eyes, temples, face, sinuses, jaw, or neck.

Individuals experiencing migraines may exhibit sensitivity to light, noise, and odors, along with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, upset stomach, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, sweating or chills, pallor, fatigue, dizziness, blurred vision, and a tender scalp. While rare, some may also encounter diarrhea or fever. The typical duration of migraines is around four hours, although severe cases can extend much longer.

Thank you,

Dr. Smruti Bhonsle's Pain Management Clinic.

For more information

Contact: +91 99300 56977

Website: https://drsmrutipainmanagement.com/index.php

Location: 2003/ Sorrento, High Street, Hiranandani gardens, Powai - 400076.

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